{"id":24783,"date":"2023-03-17T21:14:50","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T20:14:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.visitrijeka.com.hr\/torpedo\/"},"modified":"2023-06-27T15:47:13","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T13:47:13","slug":"torpille","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.visitrijeka.com.hr\/fr\/torpille\/","title":{"rendered":"Torpille"},"content":{"rendered":"

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    explorer.<\/strong><\/h3>\n <\/div>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n \n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

    Au 19e si\u00e8cle, un citoyen de Rijeka et un Anglais ont mis Rijeka au centre du monde industrialis\u00e9: gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’invention de la torpille. Le concepteur John Luppis et le r\u00e9alisateur technique Robert Whitehead cr\u00e9\u00e8rent la torpille en 1866 \u00e0 Rijeka, une arme qui a chang\u00e9 l\u2019essence de la guerre navale. Des innovations techniques avanc\u00e9es, des profits \u00e9lev\u00e9s et des b\u00e2timents magnifiques transform\u00e8rent Rijeka en une ville cosmopolite sur la carte du monde. Luppis avait eu l’id\u00e9e de cr\u00e9er un dispositif sans pilote pour d\u00e9truire les navires, dirig\u00e9 depuis la terre et dont les explosifs seraient activ\u00e9s par contact avec les navires. En 1860, il pr\u00e9senta son invention \u00e0 l’empereur Fran\u00e7ois-Joseph, et imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s, il rencontra l’ing\u00e9nieur m\u00e9canique britannique Robert Whitehead, directeur de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Stabilimento tecnico Fiumano. En 1864, ils sign\u00e8rent un contrat sur le d\u00e9veloppement de l’invention. Le nom de Robert Whitehead, fondateur et premier propri\u00e9taire de la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre usine de torpilles, m\u00e9rite sans aucun doute d’\u00eatre \u00e9crit en lettres d’or dans l’histoire de Rijeka. Bien qu’il f\u00fbt sujet britannique, il consid\u00e9rait Rijeka comme sa seconde patrie, et s’int\u00e9ressait aux questions communautaires, participa \u00e0 la mise en place de certaines entreprises et associations, il \u00e9largit son usine et \u00e9leva de beaux palais, investissant dans la ville des ressources importantes et son \u00e9nergie personnelle. Aujourd’hui, la Casa veneziana de Zammatti situ\u00e9e \u00e0 Dolac et trois autres b\u00e2timents nous rappellent son souvenir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

    En travaillant avec Luppis, Whitehead a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un nouveau produit et l’a appel\u00e9 torpille. Les premi\u00e8res exp\u00e9riences avec des torpilles eurent lieu le 20 d\u00e9cembre 1866, mais Whitehead n’\u00e9tait pas satisfait, ainsi la torpille a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e pendant encore deux ans. Pour lancer des torpilles dans le chantier naval des fr\u00e8res Schiavon, on a reconstruit le bateau lance-missiles \u00ab\u00a0Gemse\u00a0\u00bb, sur lequel on a mont\u00e9 un lanceur de torpilles, la nouvelle invention de Whitehead. Les premi\u00e8res torpilles furent appel\u00e9es Luppis-Whitehead, et plus tard seulement torpilles Whitehead. Ce nom a \u00e9t\u00e9 maintenu pendant pr\u00e8s de cent ans. Bien que Whitehead ait modifi\u00e9 l’invention originale et ait \u00e9cart\u00e9 le nom de Luppis, il lui a toujours reconnu son droit \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte. En 1867, Whitehead se d\u00e9pla\u00e7a de Trieste \u00e0 Rijeka et fonda la premi\u00e8re usine de torpilles au monde. L’usine s’implanta \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger, permit la production sous licence en Angleterre, en Italie, aux \u00c9tats-Unis, en Russie, en France… Apr\u00e8s la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale, la partie occidentale de Rijeka, o\u00f9 l’usine de torpilles \u00e9tait situ\u00e9e, devint propri\u00e9t\u00e9 italienne, et \u00e0 partir de janvier 1924, la production de torpilles fut reprise par l’industrie militaire italienne. Cela dura jusqu’\u00e0 la fin de la Deuxi\u00e8me Guerre mondiale, lorsque l’usine fut restitu\u00e9e \u00e0 son propri\u00e9taire l\u00e9gitime. Les usines furent partiellement remises en \u00e9tat de fonctionnement et la production de biens de consommation, de moteurs diesel et bien s\u00fbr de torpilles commen\u00e7a \u00e0 nouveau. Cette production double, civile et militaire, dura jusqu’en 1966, lorsque la production de torpilles cessa. Elles allaient pouvoir entrer paisiblement dans l’histoire.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

    <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Au 19e si\u00e8cle, un citoyen de Rijeka et un Anglais ont mis Rijeka au centre du monde industrialis\u00e9: gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’invention de la torpille. Le concepteur John Luppis et le r\u00e9alisateur technique Robert Whitehead cr\u00e9\u00e8rent la torpille en 1866 \u00e0 Rijeka, une arme qui a chang\u00e9 l\u2019essence de la guerre navale. Des innovations techniques…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12705,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[287],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoires"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTorpille - Visit Rijeka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.visitrijeka.com.hr\/fr\/torpille\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Torpille - Visit Rijeka\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au 19e si\u00e8cle, un citoyen de Rijeka et un Anglais ont mis Rijeka au centre du monde industrialis\u00e9: gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'invention de la torpille. 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